Fibromyalgia

Posted on 06/02/2024

Fibromyalgia

Overview

Fibromyalgia is a complex medical condition that affects the musculoskeletal system and can cause chronic widespread pain, tenderness, and fatigue. The diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of of this condition are still being studied and remain a subject of debate in the medical community. Despite this, the American College of Rheumatology has established classification criteria that consider multiple tender points and chronic widespread pain to be the hallmark symptoms of the condition.
Fibromyalgia is a common condition that affects people of all ages and ethnicities, with a symptom prevalence ranging from 2% to 4% in the general population. However, the actual number of individuals who are diagnosed with fibromyalgia is much lower.
The pathogenesis of fibromyalgia is not well understood, but it is thought to be a result of a complex interaction between biological and psychosocial factors. There is no specific test for fibromyalgia.

Anatomy

Fibromyalgia affects the musculoskeletal system, including the muscles, tendons, and ligaments. It is also associated with the nervous system, as it affects the way the brain processes pain signals. People with fibromyalgia may experience widespread pain and tenderness in various parts of the body, including the neck, back, shoulders, and hips. Additionally, fibromyalgia can also cause symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, headaches, and cognitive dysfunction (often referred to as “fibro fog”).

Symptoms

Fibromyalgia symptoms include:
• Widespread pain
• Increased sensitivity to pain
• Muscle stiffness
• Difficulty sleeping, leading to fatigue
• “Fibro-fog” affecting mental processes such as memory and concentration
• Headaches
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with stomach pain and bloating
• Frustration, worry, or low mood.
Note: Fibromyalgia symptoms can be unpredictable and may worsen or improve suddenly.

Causes

The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. For example, genetics may play a role in a person’s susceptibility to fibromyalgia, while stress, trauma, and infections may trigger the onset of symptoms. Additionally, some research suggests that fibromyalgia may be associated with imbalances in certain brain chemicals that regulate pain, sleep, and mood.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of fibromyalgia can be challenging because its symptoms are often similar to those of other conditions, such as arthritis, lupus, and chronic fatigue syndrome. To diagnose fibromyalgia, a doctor will perform a thorough physical examination and ask about the patient’s medical history and symptoms. There are no specific tests to diagnose fibromyalgia, but a doctor may order imaging studies, such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, to rule out other underlying conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for this condition is aimed at managing the symptoms of the condition. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but there are several effective treatments that can help relieve the pain and improve quality of life. Some common treatments for fibromyalgia include pain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and prescription pain relievers, as well as physical therapy, exercise, and other forms of therapy, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction. Additionally, some people with fibromyalgia find relief from complementary therapies, such as massage, acupuncture, and chiropractic care.

Prevention

There is no known way to prevent this condition, but there are steps you can take to manage its symptoms and improve your quality of life. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, can help reduce stress and improve sleep. Additionally, practicing stress-management techniques, such as meditation and mindfulness, can help reduce anxiety and depression, which are often associated with fibromyalgia.

In conclusion, fibromyalgia is a complex and poorly understood condition that affects the musculoskeletal system and nervous system. While there is no cure for fibromyalgia, there are several effective treatments that can help relieve the pain and improve quality of life. If you think you may have fibromyalgia, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

If you are suffering from this condition, our exercise professionals can help. Contact us through our email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk or call us on 0330 043 2501.

Lumbar Disc Herniation

Posted on 11/04/2021

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Overview

A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or bulging disc, is a relatively common pathology often occurring in people aged 30 to 50. The intervertebral discs play a crucial role in the spine acting as a shock absorber between the vertebrae, as well as allowing for a wide range of movement. Disc herniation refers to a condition in which the spinal discs become damaged & encroach on the nerve roots branching off the spinal cord. This can happen anywhere along the spinal column but often occurs in the cervical or lumbar region, due to the wide range of movement in these areas causing more wear & tear on the discs. For most people a slipped disc is extremely painful due to the nerve compression, however some people don’t even feel that it has happened.

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Anatomy

The Spinal column is made up of 24 individual interlocking bones known as vertebrae. These vertebrae are split into 3 different sections consisting of 7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic & 5 Lumbar, followed by the Sacrum & Coccyx. Even though the vertebrae in each section look different they all have the same functional components; the body for load bearing, the vertebral foramen to protect the spinal cord & the transverse processes for ligament attachment. In between these vertebrae the intervertebral discs are found, protecting the bones by absorbing shock from body weight, trauma & daily activities such as walking, lifting or twisting.

Spinal discs are made up of 2 parts, a soft gel-like inner portion called the nucleus pulposus & a tough outer ring known as the annulus fibrosus. The nucleus pulposus, mainly consisting of water plus loose networks of collagen fibers, is where shock absorption primarily takes place. Surrounding this inner core, the annulus fibrosus is composed of tough ligamentous fibers which protect the nucleus pulposus, as well as securely connecting the vertebrae above and below the intervertebral disc.

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Causes

A herniated disc occurs when excess pressure is placed on the disc causing the annulus fibrosus to become weak. This weakness can then cause bulging, cracking or ruptures within the annulus fibrosus allowing the nucleus pulposus being able to “leak” through & compress against the nearby nerve roots. The result, intense pain in the lower back followed by shooting pains into the buttock & down the leg.

The main factors that can increase the risk of a herniated disc are:

Age – Over time the intervertebral discs naturally start to lose the fluid which normally allows them to stay pliable and spongy between the vertebrae, this is known as disc degeneration. This dehydration of the discs causes them to become stiff and unable to withstand strenuous compression, leaving the annulus fibrosus more susceptible to bulging or rupturing even from the slightest of movements.

Lifting heavy objects repetitively or incorrectly – Lifting heavy objects can place excessive strain on the lower back which can cause a herniated disc. Especially when they are lifted without correct technique, predominantly using your back muscles instead of your legs to lift combined with a twisting motion overstress the discs increasing risk of herniation. If you have a physically demanding job, the repetitive nature of the role can also increase the risk and your placing this strain on the disc over and over.

Obesity – Excess weight increases the stress on the lumbar spine making individuals who are overweight more likely to herniate a disc.

Smoking – Experts suggest that putting nicotine into your system limits the blood flow to the discs causing them to break down quicker, speeding up degeneration therefore increasing the risk of herniation.

Trauma – The least common cause of disc herniation is trauma, a serious fall or accident can lead to this pathology but is less common than the other factors.

While all these factors can increase the risk of lumbar disc herniation anyone at any time could herniate a disc.

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Symptoms

Signs & Symptoms tend to vary depending on where the herniated disc is situated & the level of herniation. Typically only affecting one side of the body, symptoms can range from moderate lower back pain to extreme pain & numbness going all the way down the leg.

Lower back pain
Pain often down one leg from the buttock into the thigh & calf.
Numbness, tingling or burning sensations due to nerve compression
Pain that worsens at night
Pain that worsens with certain movements such bending or sitting
Muscle weakness
Sciatic pain
Difficulty lifting the foot (Foot Drop)
Pain when standing from a seated position

Pain normally eases within six weeks, but during this short duration pain can be severe making daily activities difficult to participate in. However not all herniated discs can cause symptoms, as the herniation may not be compressing on a nerve & therefore not radiating any pain. [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0px” border_sizes_bottom=”0px” border_sizes_left=”0px” border_sizes_right=”0px” margin_bottom=”0px”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Diagnosis

If you believe this is a pathology you may be suffering with you should consult with a healthcare professional so they can conduct a thorough assessment. They will ask about your symptoms, medical history & when/how the pain started. After this a physical exam would be performed to find the source of the pain and discomfort. They will also assess your muscular strength and discover what movements trigger the pain. A herniated disc may be suspected if pain starts in the lower back and is then accompanied by radiating pain down the leg. In order to confirm this more tests can be performed, these include:

Straight Leg Raise Test – While lying on your back & keeping your legs straight, your healthcare professional will slowly raise your affected leg until symptoms occur. If pain is felt during 30 to 70 degrees of hip flexion this indicates lumbar disc herniation. If you have a herniated disc compressing on a nerve, this particular movement recreates symptoms by increasing this compression therefore resulting in a positive test. You will also be asked if any numbness or tingling is felt down the leg while completing this movement.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) – This type of scan usually provides the most accurate imaging of a herniated disc, as it shows the disc, surrounding soft tissue & nerve roots. This allows your healthcare professional to actually see where the herniation has occurred & which nerves are being impinged.

X-Ray – These aren’t often used to diagnose herniated discs as the soft tissues structures of the discs & nerves are hard to capture. However, X-Rays are used to rule out any other causes of the pain such as a fracture or bone spur, a tumor or spinal alignment issues.

Your healthcare professional can then put all this information together to diagnose the cause of your pain & discomfort. However, during the initial assessment, if no serious signs of a herniated disc are found then imaging scans may not be provided at this point. As some professionals prefer to wait & see if symptoms ease on their own within the six weeks.

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Treatment

Treatment for a herniated disc can range from minimal pain management to surgical treatment. In most cases lumbar disc herniation often resolves from minimal treatment within six weeks. Your GP may prescribe painkillers or muscle relaxants to relieve short term pain and also refer you to a Physiotherapist/Sports Therapist. Your therapist will then provide you with stretches and exercises for the back and surrounding areas.

When slipping a disc, or with any injury in fact, initial response is to decrease the pain that you are in, ways to do this include:

Rest – Bed rest is ok at first when pain is severe, however this should be limited to a couple of days as any longer than this can cause muscles to become stiff and weak. Heavy lifting & intense exercise however should be avoided for the first six weeks.

Ice – Applying ice after initial injury can help to ease pain by reducing inflammation & muscle spasms associated with disc herniation.

Pain Medications – Over the counter painkillers can help to treat pain & inflammation. Also your GP may prescribe muscle relaxants if spasms get particularly bad.

Heat Therapy – Applying heat to the area after the first 48 hours, with a hot water bottle or by having a nice bath, can help to relax the muscles surrounding the injured area & reduce muscle pain & spasms.

Hot & Cold Therapy – Some individuals find maximum relief from using a mixture of hot and cold treatment. For example, applying ice for 10 minutes, immediately followed by a heat pack or hot water bottle for 10 & repeat.

After this you can start to consider more long term solutions for the pathology, this options include:

Strengthening Exercises

Spinal Manipulations

Epidural Injections

Acupuncture

Massage Therapy

If symptoms do not improve after these treatments & persist longer than six weeks, surgery is then sometimes considered.

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Exercises

Provided are some exercises that can help lumbar disc herniation:

Back Extension – Lie on your front with your forearms and palms flat on the floor. Slowly lift your upper body up off the floor and hold for up to 30 seconds, aim for 10 reps.
Glute Max Stretch – Lie on your back with your knees bent, life one leg off the ground and place the outside of the ankle joint over the opposite knee. Hold the knee of the lifted leg and pull the leg in towards the body and hopefully you should be able to feel the stretch in the buttock region. Hold stretch for up to 30 seconds and try to treat 3 times on each leg.
Pelvic Tilts – While lying on your back, place your hands on your hips & roll your pelvis back & forth along the ground. Aim for 10 sets of 3 reps
Superman – On your hands and knees slowly lift and straighten your opposite arm and leg. Aim to complete 10 sets of 3 reps.

While completing exercises if any pain or discomfort is felt then stop immediately and rest instead.[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ type=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ hover_type=”none” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”false” last=”true” border_position=”all” padding_top=”127px”][fusion_youtube id=”www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtYiLQM4EVE” alignment=”center” autoplay=”false” api_params=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” css_id=”” /][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0px” border_sizes_bottom=”0px” border_sizes_left=”0px” border_sizes_right=”0px”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Prevention

It isn’t always possible to prevent herniating a disc but here are some steps you can take to reduce your risk.

Strengthening exercises – Increasing your core strength can help to stabilise and support the spine, decreasing the stress placed on your discs.

Maintain good posture – Sitting up straight and keeping your back aligned reduces the pressure placed on the discs.

Lose weight – If you are classed as overweight losing excess weight can help to reduce wear and tear on your discs as the load being placed on them will be less.

Correct lifting techniques – Make sure when you are lifting heavy objects that you are doing it correctly, bend and lift from your legs not your waist.

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Piriformis Syndrome

Posted on 30/01/2021

[fusion_builder_container hundred_percent=”no” equal_height_columns=”no” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” background_position=”center center” background_repeat=”no-repeat” fade=”no” background_parallax=”none” parallax_speed=”0.3″ video_aspect_ratio=”16:9″ video_loop=”yes” video_mute=”yes” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”%” padding_bottom=”%” padding_left=”3%” padding_right=”3%” background_blend_mode=”overlay” margin_top=”0px” hundred_percent_height=”no”][fusion_builder_row][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ center_content=”no” target=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true” margin_bottom=”0px” min_height=”” link=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Overview

Piriformis Syndrome is a condition where the small Piriformis Muscle, located in the buttock region, can press on or irritate the Sciatic Nerve. Many Doctors and other professionals mistake this condition for “True Sciatica” which is where the Lumbar Spine degenerates and pinches the Sciatic Nerve. Usually Piriformis Syndrome will be incorrectly diagnosed as “Sciatica” just because it affects the Sciatic Nerve. The piriformis muscle, as it irritates the sciatic nerve, will cause pain, numbness and a tingling feeling along the leg and into the foot.

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”false” padding_left=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Anatomy

The piriformis muscle is one of 6 muscles known as the “Deep 6” and form the wider gluteal muscles or glutes in the buttock region. The Piriformis muscle alongside the other 5 muscles work together to bring the femur bone into external rotation in the hip socket. The other muscles that form the Deep 6 are the gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator externus, obturator internus, and the quadratus femoris. The piriformis muscle sits over the Sciatic Canal where the sciatic nerve runs through and thus why Piriformis Syndrome gives you sciatic pain.

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”yes” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”false” last=”true” padding_bottom=”0px” margin_bottom=”0px” padding_left=”0px” element_content=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”4757|full” max_width=”400PX” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hover_type=”none” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” align=”center” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”” linktarget=”_self” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://store.livewellhealth.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Piriformis-Syndrome-birmingham-manchester-london-liverpool-nottingham-derby-leeds-leicester-gloucester-worcester.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true” element_content=”” padding_top=”1%” padding_right=”2″ padding_bottom=”” padding_left=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Symptoms

Piriformis syndrome is quite literally a pain in the ass! The symptoms will typically start with either pain in your bum, lower back, numbness or tingling down from the bglutes and down the leg. This usually only presents in one side but in extreme cases can be in both legs depending on various factors. If you do suffer with pain this can range from a minor irritant to extreme pain which can run down the length of the sciatic nerve which runs down into the toes. This pain is known as Sciatica because it affects the nerve but is not as serious as true sciatica which is to do with issues in the lumber vertebrae. The pain is caused from the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the sciatic nerve.[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Causes

The exact causes of piriformis syndrome are unknown, hence the “syndrome” terminology. However there are suggestions and suspected causes such as:

Tightness in the Piriformis muscle or a spasm. This can be because of over training, incorrect footwear, sitting for long periods of time or even tightness in the quad muscles that can affect the tilt of your pelvic bone.
Injury or Swelling of the piriformis muscle.
Bleeding in the area of the piriformis muscle.

One or a multiple array of the above issues can cause Piriformis Syndrome of the above problems can affect the piriformis muscle.[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Diagnosis

There is no definitive test for piriformis syndrome. In most cases just using questioning and getting a history of when the pain started, where the pain / tingling is etc the practitioner can usually have a good idea whether it is Piriformis Syndrome or Sciatica. In some cases, a contracted or tender piriformis muscle can be found on palpation / physical exam.

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Treatment

There are a number of ways you can treat Piriformis Syndrome most will involve finding ways to strtetch or loosen off the muscle itself. Starting with the lease invasive and least painful:

Take a hot bath and use hot water bottles on and around the glute / bum muscles as often as you can, at least twice a day. This will help relax the muscles if there has been a tightening or spasm.
Trigger Pointing the piriformis muscle. If you have an good understanding of the glute anatomy, you can use a foam roller or trigger pointing ball (or a golf ball etc) to apply pressure to the piriformis in order to force it to relax and length.
Stretching the Glute muscles, Hamstring Muscles, Lower Back (Quadratus Lumborum) and Quad (front muscles). Some may argue the anterior leg muscles however if they are tight they could be giving your pelvis an anterior tilt which by lengthening the Piriformis muscle too much can cause it to press against the sciatic nerve.
Massage therapy. A good qualified sports therapist can provide a high level massage therapy / sports massage which can include things such as soft tissue release, neuromuscular therapy and general lengthening and loosing techniques to manipulate the muscle to relax.

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Exercises

Glute Max Stretch

Piriformis Stretch

Hamstring Stretch

Quadricep Stretch

Trigger Point the Piriformis Muscle

Please see some exercises and stretch examples in our video.

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”yes” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”false” last=”true” padding_top=”0px”][fusion_youtube id=”https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rCVR6BzVucM” alignment=”center” autoplay=”false” api_params=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” css_id=”” /][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Prevention

As this is a syndrome and the direct cause of this condition is unknown we would recommend if you are in a seated job to get up and stretch the hamstrings and glutes from time to time or adjust your sitting position so your legs do not continually get placed under the chair shortening the hamstrings for example.

Walking can also help as this will use antagonist muscles to help relax the posterior chain.

Reducing any sporting activity that you feel is increasing the symptoms.

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Sciatica

Posted on 23/01/2021

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Overview

Sciatica is a specific type of pain that radiates down the sciatic nerve. Which extends from your lower back, into the glutes and down the back of the legs, however sciatica generally takes place down one side of your body. The main cause of this happening is when a herniated disk, which is bone spur on the spine, compresses part of the nerve. This can cause numbness and pain in the legs and also inflammation. Generally this is not considered as anything serious and in most cases will goes away after a few weeks. On rare occasions a patient may need surgery but this is only a result if there is a significant weakness in the legs.

Anatomy

The sciatic nerve is the biggest and longest nerve in the human body, starting at the base of the spine, into the gluteal region and running down the back of the leg into the toes. The sciatic nerve is formed in the lower spine by the combination of motor and sensory fibers from spinal nerves L4 to S3. These spinal nerves belong to a larger group of nerves in the lower spine called the lumbosacral plexus.This long, thick, nerve then divides into the Peroneal and Tibial nerves which innervate different parts of the lower leg, foot and toes.

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Symptoms

Pain that forms and travels through your legs up via your glute and into your back is the biggest and most common sign that you may have sciatica. Discomfort can be felt almost anywhere but this is more apparent through the nerve pathway through the areas stated above. Feelings such as burning pain can be felt through sciatica and this may be mild or severe. This can sometimes feel worse or be more painful when you sneeze or cough, additionally sitting for a long period of time can also aggravate this more. Another main symptom is numbness or tingling, this is commonly known as the phrase pins and needles. Muscles can also tighten and become weak in the leg and foot.

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Causes

Sciatica occurs when an overgrown bone is on your vertebrae/ herniated disk in your spine and results in the sciatic nerve getting pinched.

Some factors such as age can not prolong sciatica. There is sometimes nothing you can do to stop this. Obesity can also be a factor as this puts stress on your spine and the extra weight can cause spinal changes leading to sciatica. Your job can also play part as a factor, for example if you have a heavy lifting job or a job that requires you sitting down for long periods of times like driving long distances. Diabetes can also enhance sciatica because of the way your body uses blood sugar, and increases your risk of nerve damage. Finally not being active can also trigger sciatica.[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ type=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ first=”true” last=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]

Diagnosis

Sciatica is commonly diagnosed through the patients history taking and physical screening. By definition patients mentioning the radiating pain in the leg will spark the sciatica diagnosis. They may be asked to report the distribution of the pain and whether it radiates below the knee and drawings may be used to evaluate the distribution. Sciatica is characterised by radiating pain that follows a dermatomal pattern.Physical examination largely depends on neurological testing. The most applied investigation is the straight leg raising test.

Treatment

As stated before sciatica can go on its own so in most cases you won’t have to do an awful lot however some cases are worse than others and there are various things that you can do to help treat this. Easy things like making sure that you stretch regularly can help massively. This allows you to keep your muscles stretched out and start to stimulate the nervous system.

Massage can be really beneficial also and this also helps stretch the muscles and really stimulate the nervous system by increasing the blood flow especially in the legs.

Exercises

Glute Max Stretch

Piriformis Stretch

Hamstring Stretch

Quadricep Stretch

Trigger Point the Piriformis Muscle

Please see some exercises and stretch examples in our video.

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Prevention

As Sciatic can be idiopathic it is not easy to prevent its occurrence. If possible avoid repetitive activities, when unavoidable take time to perform stretches and take regular breaks. Be aware of the first signs of symptoms developing, the earlier you start treatments the quicker it can be resolved.
The video above is not just to help rehabilitate the area it will also help in strengthening the area and again you should seek professional advice for this.

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